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Post by dinosauria101 on Jul 30, 2019 9:11:14 GMT 5
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Post by theropod on Jul 30, 2019 16:46:18 GMT 5
You can taste the amygdalin in apple seeds, so it shouldn’t come as a surprise that it is there. While there are some calculation errors in that source (there’s no way a single apple seed weighs almost 0.7 g as per their figures. Not just did I just put 4 apple seeds on a scale and it didn’t even register at a sensitivity of either 1 g or 0.1 oz, but an ellipsoid with the diameters of the largest of those seeds has a volume of only 0.04 cm³, which would be equivalent to less than 0.04 g given the density lower than that of water), even it still suggests you would have to eat a small tree’s worth of apple seeds to fatally poison yourself, and even then only if you actually chewed up all of those. For a 75kg adult, the fatal dose of cyanide would be at least 37.5 mg (though potentially as high as 262.5 mg). Given 0.2 mg of cyanide equivalents per gram of apple seeds (though potentially as low as 0.06), a fatal dose would require at least 187.5 g of seeds, and with a 70 g apple DEFINITELY having less than 1g of seeds, the absolute minimum you would have to eat to fatally poison yourself would be 188 apples (or 13 kilos). I’ll wager if you tried to eat even that many apples in one sitting, you’d get other health problems long before getting cyanide poisoning. A more reasonable estimate, given one apple seed weighs 0.04g and one apple has 5 seeds, would be 938 apples (or 66 kg). Just for laughs, the upper end estimate would be 21,875 apples (or 1531 kilos), equivalent to a small orchard full of apple trees. EDIT: In fact I was still overestimating the mass of one apple seed, according to kew gardens it is 0.027 g→. Meaning to get the minimum fatal dose of cyanide, one would have to consume 6944 to 16 2037 seeds, or between 1389 and a whopping 40 509 whole apples. So thanks for the idea, researching this question may have been a weird waste of time, but it has made me realize that there’s no reason at all to not eat apples whole, including the seeds.
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Post by creature386 on Jul 30, 2019 18:00:42 GMT 5
Someone on a certain discord server I;m on thinks T rex beats Spinosaurus in 7 meter water! I'm not saying T. rex would win, but I think you overestimate how overpowered a Spinosaurus would be in the water. For starters, it is not even known if it could dive.
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Post by dinosauria101 on Jul 30, 2019 18:02:57 GMT 5
Someone on a certain discord server I;m on thinks T rex beats Spinosaurus in 7 meter water! I'm not saying T. rex would win, but I think you overestimate how overpowered a Spinosaurus would be in the water. For starters, it is not even known if it could dive. I had been going by the billfish study. If the one by Henderson's more accurate, Spino would probably win on the principle of Rex drowning.
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Post by theropod on Jul 30, 2019 19:29:36 GMT 5
Have you seen Henderson’s study? It pretty much concludes that all theropods are naturally buyoant (one more thing that shouldn’t come as a surprise), heck, it even specifically demonstrates how the T. rex model would float in water, so how would that suggest T. rex couldn’t swim?
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Post by dinosauria101 on Jul 30, 2019 19:54:13 GMT 5
Have you seen Henderson’s study? It pretty much concludes that all theropods are naturally buyoant (one more thing that shouldn’t come as a surprise), heck, it even specifically demonstrates how the T. rex model would float in water, so how would that suggest T. rex couldn’t swim? I may have mixed things up a bit. What I actually meant was the study that states Spinosaurus to have potentially been amphibious. And while T rex might be able to float and swim a BIT, I have yet to hear how it can CATCH the Spinosaurus.
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Post by creature386 on Jul 30, 2019 20:08:00 GMT 5
I haven't said Tyrannosaurus would win, just that a lot of people here overestimate Spinosaurus' competence in the water. It's almost as if Spinosaurus could go toe-on-toe with similarly-sized aquatic animals like a crocodile. IIRC, you once one-upped a Cretoxyrhina with Spino even though the latter's likely inability to dive makes that choice dubious.
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Post by dinosauria101 on Jul 30, 2019 20:15:42 GMT 5
I haven't said Tyrannosaurus would win, just that a lot of people here overestimate Spinosaurus' competence in the water. It's almost as if Spinosaurus could go toe-on-toe with similarly-sized aquatic animals like a crocodile. IIRC, you once one-upped a Cretoxyrhina with Spino even though the latter's likely inability to dive makes that choice dubious. Oh no, that's not what I thought. I changed my take on the outcome with the context changing.
Oh yeah, that. It might be comparable to great white shark vs hippo in which the hippo is favored by some, but often has its competence in water overestimated, therefore in Spino's case, picking Cretoxyrhina apart and using size to withstand attacks or fighting in shallow water makes more sense
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Post by dinosauria101 on Jul 31, 2019 14:16:35 GMT 5
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Post by dinosauria101 on Aug 2, 2019 9:36:44 GMT 5
This:
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Post by dinosauria101 on Aug 4, 2019 15:59:41 GMT 5
Minmi vs Neovenator was on the old Carnivora. Now I get that carnosaurs aren't well adapted to fight ankylosaurs, but an almost 10:1 size ratio? To me, that is just overkill
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Post by dinosauria101 on Aug 6, 2019 2:36:36 GMT 5
Something I'm having a bit of a hard time believing is yet again from the old Carnivora. Woolly rhinoceros vs Rajasaurus had many favoring the rhino against a predator 50 percent larger than it! I'd back the Rajasaurus even with some size disadvantage, so not sure what their reasons were.
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Post by creature386 on Aug 6, 2019 3:18:22 GMT 5
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Post by Infinity Blade on Aug 6, 2019 4:17:21 GMT 5
>NON-FICTION BOOK AWARDS 2018 GOLD MEDAL WINNER
Holy hell...
This book was published in 2018. Any update on the son's situation?
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Post by dinosauria101 on Sept 12, 2019 13:27:14 GMT 5
Quite a few people on a Discord server I'm on think the 7 meter Mapusaurus fossils qualify as full grown adults. That's bad enough already, but.... -They used the Chinese alligator's size range as proof -They kept linking a paper which didn't even mention the 7 meter specimens Just......
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