Post by rock on Jul 7, 2019 23:49:48 GMT 5
Dinocrocuta gigantea
Dinocrocuta is an extinct genus of hyena-like feliform carnivores. It lived in Asia, and Africa, during the Miocene epoch. It had very strong jaws that were able to crush bones. It's estimated to weight roughly 400 kg. Although Dinocrocuta looks very much like a hyena and despite the fact that it shares many of the bone cracking adaptations that hyenas do, it is not one of them. Instead it belongs to Percrocutids, group of enigmatic carnivorans with high degree of convergence with true hyaenids, but differentiated from them based on dental and basicranial characters. It was originally described from dental remains discovered from Chinese drugstore in 1903 by Schlosser. Schlosser Placed it as new species of Hyaena (Hyaena gigantea). It was not placed into genus Dinocrocuta till the discovery of first skull in 1988. At this time it came truly clear how distinctive this animal really was. It was big (Duh!), with condylobasal length about 32 cm (In comparison brown bear skull is somewhere around 35 cm). Skull has distinct stepped profile with deep zygomatic arches and massive post canine teeth. It is quite clear to any observer that this skull is constructed for power and the clear convergence with true hyaenids indicates similar ecological niche. To test exactly how well Dinocrocuta would do in a bone crunching task, the skull was run trough finite element analysis (Tseng, 2009). Tested against modern greywolf and spotted hyena, Dinocrocuta performed as expected, experiencing less stress on premolar 3 and 4 bite than either of it's rivals in this study.
<img src=""Image" alt="" style="max-width:100%;"><img src=""Image" alt="" style="max-width:100%;"><img src=""Image" alt="" style="max-width:100%;">
Grizzly Bear - Ursus arctos horribilis
The grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis), also known as the silvertip bear, the grizzly, or the North American brown bear, is a subspecies of brown bear (Ursus arctos) that generally lives in the uplands of western North America. This subspecies is thought to descend from Ussuri brown bears which crossed to Alaska from eastern Russia 100,000 years ago, though they did not move south until 13,000 years ago. Except for cubs and females, grizzlies are normally solitary, active animals, but in coastal areas, the grizzly congregates alongside streams, lakes, rivers, and ponds during the salmon spawn. Every other year, females (sows) produce one to four young (commonly two) which are small and weigh only about 500 grams (1 lb). A sow is protective of her offspring and will attack if she thinks she or her cubs are threatened. The word "grizzly" in its name refers to "grizzled" or grey hairs in its fur, but when naturalist George Ord formally named the bear in 1815, he misunderstood the word as "grisly", to produce its biological Latin specific or subspecific name "horribilis". Most adult female grizzlies weigh 130–200 kilograms (290–440 lb), while adult males weigh 180–360 kilograms (400–790 lb), averaging 134 kg (295 lb) and 220 kg (485 lb), respectfully. The average total length in this subspecies is 198 centimetres (6.50 ft), with an average shoulder height of 102 centimetres (3.35 ft) and hindfoot length of 28 centimetres (11 in). Newborn bears may weigh less than 500 grams (1 lb). In the Yukon River area, mature female grizzlies can weigh as little as 100 kilograms (220 lb). On the other hand, an occasional huge male grizzly has been recorded which greatly exceeds ordinary size, with weights reported up to 680 kilograms (1,500 lb). Although variable from blond to nearly black, grizzly bear fur is typically brown in color with white tips. A pronounced hump appears on their shoulders; the hump is a good way to distinguish a black bear from a grizzly bear, as black bears do not have this hump.
Dinocrocuta is an extinct genus of hyena-like feliform carnivores. It lived in Asia, and Africa, during the Miocene epoch. It had very strong jaws that were able to crush bones. It's estimated to weight roughly 400 kg. Although Dinocrocuta looks very much like a hyena and despite the fact that it shares many of the bone cracking adaptations that hyenas do, it is not one of them. Instead it belongs to Percrocutids, group of enigmatic carnivorans with high degree of convergence with true hyaenids, but differentiated from them based on dental and basicranial characters. It was originally described from dental remains discovered from Chinese drugstore in 1903 by Schlosser. Schlosser Placed it as new species of Hyaena (Hyaena gigantea). It was not placed into genus Dinocrocuta till the discovery of first skull in 1988. At this time it came truly clear how distinctive this animal really was. It was big (Duh!), with condylobasal length about 32 cm (In comparison brown bear skull is somewhere around 35 cm). Skull has distinct stepped profile with deep zygomatic arches and massive post canine teeth. It is quite clear to any observer that this skull is constructed for power and the clear convergence with true hyaenids indicates similar ecological niche. To test exactly how well Dinocrocuta would do in a bone crunching task, the skull was run trough finite element analysis (Tseng, 2009). Tested against modern greywolf and spotted hyena, Dinocrocuta performed as expected, experiencing less stress on premolar 3 and 4 bite than either of it's rivals in this study.
<img src=""Image" alt="" style="max-width:100%;"><img src=""Image" alt="" style="max-width:100%;"><img src=""Image" alt="" style="max-width:100%;">
Grizzly Bear - Ursus arctos horribilis
The grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis), also known as the silvertip bear, the grizzly, or the North American brown bear, is a subspecies of brown bear (Ursus arctos) that generally lives in the uplands of western North America. This subspecies is thought to descend from Ussuri brown bears which crossed to Alaska from eastern Russia 100,000 years ago, though they did not move south until 13,000 years ago. Except for cubs and females, grizzlies are normally solitary, active animals, but in coastal areas, the grizzly congregates alongside streams, lakes, rivers, and ponds during the salmon spawn. Every other year, females (sows) produce one to four young (commonly two) which are small and weigh only about 500 grams (1 lb). A sow is protective of her offspring and will attack if she thinks she or her cubs are threatened. The word "grizzly" in its name refers to "grizzled" or grey hairs in its fur, but when naturalist George Ord formally named the bear in 1815, he misunderstood the word as "grisly", to produce its biological Latin specific or subspecific name "horribilis". Most adult female grizzlies weigh 130–200 kilograms (290–440 lb), while adult males weigh 180–360 kilograms (400–790 lb), averaging 134 kg (295 lb) and 220 kg (485 lb), respectfully. The average total length in this subspecies is 198 centimetres (6.50 ft), with an average shoulder height of 102 centimetres (3.35 ft) and hindfoot length of 28 centimetres (11 in). Newborn bears may weigh less than 500 grams (1 lb). In the Yukon River area, mature female grizzlies can weigh as little as 100 kilograms (220 lb). On the other hand, an occasional huge male grizzly has been recorded which greatly exceeds ordinary size, with weights reported up to 680 kilograms (1,500 lb). Although variable from blond to nearly black, grizzly bear fur is typically brown in color with white tips. A pronounced hump appears on their shoulders; the hump is a good way to distinguish a black bear from a grizzly bear, as black bears do not have this hump.
